Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde ib ketone thiab carboxylic acid?
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde ib ketone thiab carboxylic acid?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde ib ketone thiab carboxylic acid?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde ib ketone thiab carboxylic acid?
Video: Aldehyde, Ketone and Carboxylic Acid: Structure, Properties and Reactions // HSC Chemistry 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Aldehydes thiab ketones muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm carbonyl. Hauv ib qho aldehyde , carbonyl yog qhov kawg ntawm cov saw hlau, thaum hauv ketone , yog hauv nruab nrab. A carboxylic acid muaj cov carboxyl functional pawg.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txawv ntawm carboxylic acid thiab aldehyde yog dab tsi?

Ib qho ester yog ketone qhov twg ib qho ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog sib koom ua ke nrog cov pa oxygen uas txuas rau lwm yam. A carboxylic acid yog qhov twg ester cov pa oxygen sib koom ua ke nrog a hydrogen. Aldehyde yog ketone qhov twg ib qho ntawm cov ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon yog hydrogen. Cawv tsuas yog ib pawg OH sib koom ua ke rau cov pa roj carbon.

Ib yam li ntawd, qhov txawv ntawm ketone thiab aldehyde yog dab tsi? Koj yuav nco ntsoov tias lub qhov sib txawv ntawm ib aldehyde thiab a ketone lub cev yog lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom txuas rau carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv aldehyde . Ketones tsis muaj hydrogen. Lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom ua aldehydes yooj yim heev rau oxidize (piv txwv li, lawv muaj zog txo cov neeg ua haujlwm).

Hauv kev hwm rau qhov no, puas yog aldehydes thiab ketones carboxylic acids?

Cov pab pawg carbonyl, carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus, yog cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov organic molecules: Aldehydes muaj tsawg kawg yog ib lub atom hydrogen txuas rau carbonyl carbon atom, ketones muaj ob pawg carbon uas txuas nrog carbonyl carbon atom, carboxylic acids muaj ib pawg hydroxyl txuas nrog

Dab tsi yog qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas rau aldehyde ketone thiab carboxylic acid?

Tollens' Kuaj . Tollens' xeem , kuj hu ua silver-daim iav xeem , yog ib lub chaw kuaj zoo xeem siv los paub qhov txawv ntawm ib aldehyde thiab a ketone lub cev.

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