Video: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde ib ketone thiab carboxylic acid?
2024 Tus sau: Stanley Ellington | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:17
Aldehydes thiab ketones muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm carbonyl. Hauv ib qho aldehyde , carbonyl yog qhov kawg ntawm cov saw hlau, thaum hauv ketone , yog hauv nruab nrab. A carboxylic acid muaj cov carboxyl functional pawg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txawv ntawm carboxylic acid thiab aldehyde yog dab tsi?
Ib qho ester yog ketone qhov twg ib qho ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide yog sib koom ua ke nrog cov pa oxygen uas txuas rau lwm yam. A carboxylic acid yog qhov twg ester cov pa oxygen sib koom ua ke nrog a hydrogen. Aldehyde yog ketone qhov twg ib qho ntawm cov ntawv cog lus ntawm carbon yog hydrogen. Cawv tsuas yog ib pawg OH sib koom ua ke rau cov pa roj carbon.
Ib yam li ntawd, qhov txawv ntawm ketone thiab aldehyde yog dab tsi? Koj yuav nco ntsoov tias lub qhov sib txawv ntawm ib aldehyde thiab a ketone lub cev yog lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom txuas rau carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv aldehyde . Ketones tsis muaj hydrogen. Lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom ua aldehydes yooj yim heev rau oxidize (piv txwv li, lawv muaj zog txo cov neeg ua haujlwm).
Hauv kev hwm rau qhov no, puas yog aldehydes thiab ketones carboxylic acids?
Cov pab pawg carbonyl, carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus, yog cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv cov chav kawm ntawm cov organic molecules: Aldehydes muaj tsawg kawg yog ib lub atom hydrogen txuas rau carbonyl carbon atom, ketones muaj ob pawg carbon uas txuas nrog carbonyl carbon atom, carboxylic acids muaj ib pawg hydroxyl txuas nrog
Dab tsi yog qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas rau aldehyde ketone thiab carboxylic acid?
Tollens' Kuaj . Tollens' xeem , kuj hu ua silver-daim iav xeem , yog ib lub chaw kuaj zoo xeem siv los paub qhov txawv ntawm ib aldehyde thiab a ketone lub cev.
Pom zoo:
Koj paub qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde los ntawm ketone li cas?
Koj yuav nco ntsoov tias qhov sib txawv ntawm aldehyde thiab ketone yog qhov muaj hydrogen atom txuas rau carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus hauv aldehyde. Ketones tsis muaj hydrogen. Lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom ua rau aldehydes yooj yim heev rau oxidize (piv txwv li, lawv muaj zog txo cov neeg ua haujlwm)
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom lag luam teb thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam uas txhua qhov ua haujlwm zoo tshaj?
Lub tuam txhab muaj peev xwm ua kom tau raws li cov neeg siv khoom xav tau raws sijhawm yog hu ua Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo, thaum ua haujlwm tau zoo yog lub tuam txhab muaj peev xwm xa khoom raws li tus neeg siv khoom xav tau nrog tsawg kawg ntawm cov khoom siv raw, kev ua haujlwm thiab tus nqi
Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?
Carboxylic acids muaj cov ntsiab lus kub kub piv rau lwm cov khoom ntawm cov molar loj. Boiling ntsiab lus nce nrog molar loj. Carboxylic acids uas muaj ib txog plaub carbon atoms yog miscible tag nrog dej. Solubility txo nrog molar mass
Dab tsi yog aldehyde thiab ketone?
Aldehydes muab lawv lub npe los ntawm lub cev qhuav dej ntawm cawv. Aldehydes muaj cov pab pawg carbonyl sib txuas nrog tsawg kawg ib lub atom hydrogen. Ketones muaj cov pab pawg carbonyl txuas rau ob lub atoms. Aldehydes thiab ketones yog cov organic tebchaw uas suav nrog cov pab pawg ua haujlwm carbonyl, C = O
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm qhov cuam tshuam qhov (socket) thiab lub qhov (socket) pa?
Rau kuv qhov kev paub qhov sib txawv yog nqes mus rau cov khoom siv Qhov saum npoo-hardening ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam cov qhov (socket) kom nqus tau qhov hloov pauv tam sim ntawd (aka 'kev cuam tshuam') zoo dua. Nrog rau kev cuam tshuam txaus txaus, lub qhov (socket) tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem tawm ntawm cov duab vim tias cov hlau siv muaj softer