Cov txheej txheem:

Koj paub qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde los ntawm ketone li cas?
Koj paub qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde los ntawm ketone li cas?

Video: Koj paub qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde los ntawm ketone li cas?

Video: Koj paub qhov txawv ntawm aldehyde los ntawm ketone li cas?
Video: Oxidation and Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones 2024, Lub peb hlis ntuj
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Koj yuav nco ntsoov tias lub sib txawv nruab nrab ib aldehyde thiab a ketone lub cev yog lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom txuas rau carbon-oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv aldehyde . Ketones tsis muaj hydrogen. Lub xub ntiag ntawm hydrogen atom ua aldehydes yooj yim heev rau oxidize (piv txwv li, lawv muaj zog txo cov neeg ua haujlwm).

Ntawm no, koj yuav kuaj li cas rau aldehydes thiab ketones?

Txheej txheem:

  1. Dissolve cov organic compound hauv ethanol.
  2. Rau cov tshuaj no ntxiv cawv reagent ntawm 2, 4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine.
  3. Co lub sib tov zoo.
  4. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug tsim ntawm daj mus rau txiv kab ntxwv precipitate ces lub compound muab ib tug aldehyde los yog ketone.

Tom qab ntawd, lo lus nug yog, 2 4 Dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent puas tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm ib qho aldehyde thiab ketone? Test rau ib aldehyde los yog ketone lub cev koj yuav siv 2 , 4 - dinitrophenylhydrazine ( 2 , 4 -DNP). 2 , 4 -DNP tov nrog methanol thiab sulfuric acid yog paub raws li Brady's reagent . Yog hais tias ib tug silver grey khoom los yog daim iav zoo li cov nyhuv yog tsim, ib aldehyde yog tam sim no. Yog a ketone lub cev yog tam sim no, muaj yuav yuav tsis muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Kuj paub, Fehling xeem siv tau los paub qhov txawv ntawm ib qho aldehyde thiab ketone?

Fehling tus daws tau ua siv los paub qhov txawv aldehyde vs ua ketone lub cev pab pawg ua haujlwm. Cov compound yuav raug kuaj ntxiv rau lub Fehling daws thiab tus sib tov yog rhuab. Aldehydes yog oxidized, muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, tab sis ketones ua tsis hnov tsw, tshwj tsis yog lawv yog α-hydroxy ketones.

Dab tsi yuav muab qhov kev kuaj pom zoo?

Lub davhlau ya nyob twg α-hydroxy ketone muab ib tug zoo Tollens ' xeem vim Tollens ' reagent oxidizes α-hydroxy ketone rau aldehyde. Tollens ' reagent tshuaj tsis muaj xim. ketone Ag+ raug txo kom Ag0 uas feem ntau ua daim iav.

Pom zoo: