Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?
Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?

Video: Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?

Video: Dab tsi yog lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?
Video: Dab Nkag Leej Tib Neeg Lub Cev 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Carboxylic acids muaj siab cov ntsiab lus kub piv rau lwm yam khoom uas piv rau molar loj. Cov ntsiab lus kub nce nrog molar loj. Carboxylic acids uas muaj ib txog plaub carbon atoms yog miscible tag nrog dej. Solubility txo nrog molar mass.

Tsis tas li lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm carboxylic acid?

Cov khoom ntawm carboxylic acids . Carboxylic acids yog soluble hauv dej. Carboxylic acids Tsis txhob dimerise hauv dej, tab sis tsim hydrogen bonds nrog dej. Carboxylic acids yog polar thiab vim muaj cov hydroxyl nyob rau hauv lub carboxyl pawg, lawv muaj peev xwm tsim hydrogen bonds nrog dej molecules.

Tom qab, lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog cov khoom ntawm carboxyl pawg? Cov khoom ntawm Carboxyl Group Carboxyl pawg muaj electronegative oxygen ob daim ntawv cog lus rau carbon atom. Yog li ntawd, yuav muaj kev nce hauv polarity ntawm daim ntawv cog lus. Ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke suav nrog a pawg carboxyl yuav muaj lub siab melting point, hydrophilic centres, thiab boiling point.

Kuj paub, dab tsi yog cov khoom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm carboxylic acids?

Tus thawj tshuaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov carboxylic acids yog lawv acidity. Lawv feem ntau yog acidic dua li lwm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov pab pawg hydroxyl tab sis feem ntau tsis muaj zog dua li cov ntxhia paub. kua qaub (piv txwv li, hydrochloric kua qaub , HCl, sulfuric kua qaub , H2SO4, thiab lwm yam).

Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm esters?

Esters , zoo li aldehydes thiab ketones, yog polar molecules thiab yog li muaj kev sib cuam tshuam dipole-dipole nrog rau van der Waals dispersion rog. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tsim cov ester-ester hydrogen bonds, yog li lawv cov ntsiab lus kub hnyiab tau qis dua li cov kua qaub nrog tib cov pa roj carbon atoms.

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