Dab tsi yog qhov feem ntau reactive carboxylic acid derivative?
Dab tsi yog qhov feem ntau reactive carboxylic acid derivative?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov feem ntau reactive carboxylic acid derivative?

Video: Dab tsi yog qhov feem ntau reactive carboxylic acid derivative?
Video: Reactivity of carboxylic acid derivatives | Organic chemistry | Khan Academy 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Cov sib txawv carboxylic acid derivatives muaj qhov sib txawv reactivities, acyl chlorides thiab bromides yog qhov feem ntau reactive thiab cov amides qhov tsawg tshaj plaws reactive, raws li tau sau tseg nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no qualitatively xaj daim ntawv teev. Qhov kev hloov hauv reactivity yog qhov txaus ntshai.

Yog li ntawd, yog vim li cas anhydrides reactive dua carboxylic acids?

Anhydrides tsis tshua muaj kev ruaj ntseg vim tias kev pub dawb ntawm electrons rau ib pawg carbonyl yog kev sib tw nrog kev pub dawb ntawm electrons rau pawg carbonyl thib ob. Yog li, piv rau esters, qhov twg cov pa atom xav tau tsuas yog stabilize ib pawg carbonyl, anhydrides yog ntau reactive tshaj esters.

Ib sab saum toj no, uas yog ntau reactive carboxylic acid los yog ester? Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nucleophilic hloov, ces tus ester yog ntau reactive tshaj li carboxylic acid . Yog vim li cas esters muaj cov pawg tawm zoo dua li pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov carboxylic acid . Thiab vim nws yog ib carboxylic acid , muaj lub caij nyoog siab nws yuav yog carboxylate (deprotonated) hauv nws daim ntawv ntuj.

Raws li txoj cai, cov txiaj ntsig ntawm carboxylic acid yog dab tsi?

Cov pab pawg ua haujlwm nyob hauv plawv ntawm tshooj no yog hu ua derivatives ntawm carboxylic acid : lawv suav nrog carboxylic acids lawv tus kheej, carboxylates (deprotonated carboxylic acids ), amide, esters, thioesters, thiab acyl phosphates. Cyclic esters thiab amides raug xa mus rau lactones thiab lactams, ntsig txog.

Plaub derivatives ntawm carboxylic acid yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau hom carboxylic acid derivatives paub peb yuav tsom mus rau plaub xwb: Acid halides, Acid anhydrides, Esters , thiab Amides.

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