Video: Piv txwv li, muaj zog acid thiab qaug zog acid yog dab tsi?
2024 Tus sau: Stanley Ellington | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-16 00:17
Piv txwv ntawm cov kua qaub muaj zog yog hydrochloric acid ( HCl ), perchloric acid (HClO4), nitric acid (HNO3thiab sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev sib cais, nrog rau ob qho tib si cov kua qaub tsis sib haum thiab nws cov khoom sib cais tam sim no, hauv kev daws, hauv kev sib npaug.
Raws li txoj cai, cov kua qaub thiab tsis muaj zog acid yog dab tsi?
A qaug zog acid yog ib kua qaub uas yog ib feem dissociated rau nws ions nyob rau hauv ib tug aqueous tov los yog dej. Piv txwv li, a muaj zog acid tag nrho dissociates rau hauv nws cov ions hauv dej. Nyob rau tib lub concentration, tsis muaj zog acids muaj pH ntau dua muaj zog acids.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kua qaub uas muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog acids ua piv txwv rau txhua tus yog dab tsi? Piv txwv ntawm ib muaj zog acid suav nrog hydrochloric kua qaub (HCl), sulfuric kua qaub (H2SO4), nitric kua qaub (HNO3)… Piv txwv ntawm ib qaug zog acid suav nrog acetic/ethanoic kua qaub (piv txwv li hauv vinegar) (CH3COOH), Hydrofluoric kua qaub (HF), dej (uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog amphoteric) (H2O)…
Tom qab, lo lus nug yog, dab tsi yog qhov muaj zog acid nrog piv txwv?
Ib kua qaub uas lov tag nrho thiab muab tawm ntau ions, los yog protons, yog suav tias yog ib tug muaj zog acid . Piv txwv ntawm muaj zog acids suav nrog sulfuric kua qaub , hydrochloric tshuaj kua qaub , perchloric tshuaj kua qaub , thiab nitric kua qaub.
Piv txwv li qaug zog acid yog dab tsi?
A qaug zog acid yog ib kua qaub uas tsis tsim ntau hydrogen ions thaum nyob rau hauv aqueous tov. Tsis muaj kua qaub muaj tus nqi pH tsawg thiab siv los ua kom tsis muaj zog hauv paus. Piv txwv ntawm tsis muaj zog acids muaj xws li: acetic kua qaub (xws li vinegar), lactic kua qaub , citric qab kua qaub , thiab phosphoric kua qaub.
Pom zoo:
Dab tsi yog qhov muaj zog thiab qaug zog acid piav nrog piv txwv?
Cov kua qaub muaj zog sib cais (sib cais) tag nrho hauv dej). Piv txwv li, HCl, cov kua qaub muaj zog yuav tawg mus rau H + thiab Cl-ions. Cov acids tsis muaj zog dissociate ib nrab hauv dej. Piv txwv li, HF, cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog, tsuas yog yuav muaj qee yam ntawm HF cov molecules sib cais thaum twg los tau
Dab tsi yog qhov piv txwv piv txwv hauv kev txheeb cais?
Nyob rau hauv kev txheeb cais, sampling bias yog ib tug bias nyob rau hauv uas ib tug piv txwv yog sau nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txoj kev uas ib co tswv cuab ntawm cov neeg npaj muaj ib tug tsawg sampling probability tshaj lwm tus
Dab tsi yog rau lub tshuab yooj yim thiab cov piv txwv ntawm lawv yog dab tsi?
Cov no yog rau lub tshuab yooj yim: cov nplais, lub log thiab lub qag, qib, lub dav hlau inclined, ntsia hlau, thiab lub log
Dab tsi yog qhov qaug zog acid thiab muaj zog puag tsim?
Cov ntsev ntawm cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog thiab lub hauv paus muaj zog ua rau hydrolysis hauv dej los tsim OH-ions ntxiv. Txij li thaum acetic acid yog ib qho tsis muaj zog acid, nws tseem unionized nyob rau hauv kev daws thiab cov OH-ions ua rau cov tshuaj yooj yim los yog alkaline. Ib yam li ntawd, ntsev ntawm lub zog acid thiab tsis muaj zog hauv paus yog acidic nyob rau hauv aqueous tov
Vim li cas cov duab ntawm titration nkhaus txawv rau titration ntawm muaj zog acid vs muaj zog puag thiab qaug zog acid vs muaj zog puag?
Cov duab dav dav ntawm titration nkhaus yog tib yam, tab sis pH ntawm qhov sib npaug sib txawv. Hauv qhov tsis muaj zog acid-muaj zog titration, pH yog ntau dua 7 ntawm qhov sib npaug. Hauv qhov muaj zog acid-tsis muaj zog titration, pH tsawg dua 7 ntawm qhov sib npaug