Dab tsi yog qhov muaj zog thiab qaug zog acid piav nrog piv txwv?
Dab tsi yog qhov muaj zog thiab qaug zog acid piav nrog piv txwv?
Anonim

Muaj zog acids cais tawm (sib cais) tag nrho hauv dej). Rau piv txwv , HCl, a muaj zog acid yuav sib cais ua H+ thiab Cl-ions. Tsis muaj kua qaub dissociate ib nrab hauv dej. Rau piv txwv , HF, ib qaug zog acid , yuav tsuas muaj qee qhov ntawm HF molecules dissociated nyob rau txhua lub sijhawm.

Xav txog qhov no, cov kua qaub muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog muab piv txwv li cas?

Piv txwv ntawm muaj zog acids yog hydrochloric kua qaub (HCl), perchloric kua qaub (HLO4), Nitric kua qaub (HNO3) thiab sulfuric kua qaub (H.2YOG4). A qaug zog acid tsuas yog ib feem dissociated, nrog ob qho tib si undissociated kua qaub thiab nws cov khoom dissociation yog tam sim no, nyob rau hauv kev daws, nyob rau hauv equilibrium nrog ib leeg. HA ⇌ H+ + A.

Ib yam li ntawd, cov tsis muaj zog acids muab piv txwv li cas? Cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog muaj qhov pH qis thiab siv los ua kom tsis muaj zog hauv paus. Piv txwv ntawm cov kua qaub uas tsis muaj zog suav nrog: acetic acid (vinegar), lactic acid, citric acid, thiab phosphoric acid.

Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj zog acid thiab qaug zog acid yog dab tsi muab ob qho piv txwv?

Piv txwv ntawm a muaj zog acid suav nrog hydrochloric kua qaub ( HCl sulfuric), cov kua qaub (H2SO4), nitric kua qaub (HNO3)… Piv txwv ntawm a qaug zog acid suav nrog acetic / ethanoic kua qaub (piv txwv li hauv vinegar) (CH3COOH), Hydrofluoric kua qaub (HF), dej (uas peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog amphoteric) (H2O)…

Koj txhais li cas los ntawm cov kua qaub thiab tsis muaj zog?

A qaug zog acid yog ib kua qaub uas ib nrab faib rau hauv nws cov ions hauv cov kua dej lossis dej. Hauv kev sib piv, a muaj zog acid tag nrho dissociates rau hauv nws cov ions hauv dej. Nyob rau tib lub siab, tsis muaj zog acids muaj pH ntau dua muaj zog cov kua qaub.

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