Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus transposable hauv cov noob caj noob ces?
Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus transposable hauv cov noob caj noob ces?

Video: Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus transposable hauv cov noob caj noob ces?

Video: Dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus transposable hauv cov noob caj noob ces?
Video: tsis yog nom tub by ntxiag hawj nkauj tawm tshiab 2022 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Transposable ntsiab (TEs), tseem hu ua "dhia noob "lub transposons , yog cov kab ke ntawm DNA uas txav (los yog dhia) los ntawm ib qho chaw hauv genome mus rau lwm qhov. Pob kws noob caj noob ces Barbara McClintock tau tshawb pom TEs hauv xyoo 1940, thiab ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd, cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau tau tso tseg. transposons raws li tsis muaj txiaj ntsig lossis "khib nyiab" DNA.

Tsis tas li ntawd, ob hom transposable ntsiab yog dab tsi?

Txij li thaum McClintock qhov kev tshawb pom, peb hom kev hloov pauv tau raug txheeb xyuas. Cov no suav nrog hoob II transposons, me me inverted-repeat transposable ntsiab (MITEs, los yog chav kawm III transposons), thiab retrotransposons (chav kawm I transposons).

Tsis tas li ntawd, transposons yog dab tsi? Retrotransposons txav los ntawm "copy thiab paste" mechanism tab sis nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov transposons piav saum toj no, daim ntawv yog ua los ntawm RNA, tsis yog DNA. Cov ntawv theej RNA yog tom qab ntawd muab rov qab rau hauv DNA - siv cov ntawv thim rov qab - thiab cov no tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshiab hauv genome.

Tsis tas li ntawd, vim li cas cov ntsiab lus transposable tseem ceeb?

Lub peev xwm ntawm transposons txhawm rau ua kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm caj ces, ua ke nrog lub peev xwm ntawm genome los inhibit feem ntau TE kev ua, ua rau muaj kev sib npaug uas ua rau cov ntsiab lus transposable ib tseem ceeb ib feem ntawm evolution thiab noob tswj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kab mob uas nqa cov sequences.

Yuav ua li cas cov ntsiab lus transposable ua rau kev hloov pauv?

Transposition muaj feem xyuam rau replication, recombination thiab kho. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txav ntawm ib qho chaw mus rau lwm qhov muaj xws li ib hom recombination, insertions ntawm cov ntsiab lus transposable ua tau ua mutations , thiab qee qhov kev hloov pauv yog qhov rov ua dua, tsim ib daim qauv tshiab thaum tso cov ntawv qub qub.

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