Transposons thiab retrotransposons yog dab tsi?
Transposons thiab retrotransposons yog dab tsi?

Video: Transposons thiab retrotransposons yog dab tsi?

Video: Transposons thiab retrotransposons yog dab tsi?
Video: Transposable elements | transposons and is elements 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Retrotransposons (tseem hu ua Class I transposable cov ntsiab lus los yog transposons ntawm RNA intermediates) yog cov noob caj noob ces uas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm lawv tus kheej hauv genome thiab yog cov khoom sib txuas ntawm DNA ntawm ntau cov kab mob eukaryotic. Hauv cov tsiaj nyeg, yuav luag ib nrab ntawm genome (45% txog 48%) yog transposons los yog seem ntawm transposons.

Yog li, qhov txawv ntawm transposons thiab retrotransposons yog dab tsi?

Retrotransposons txav los ntawm "copy and paste" mechanism tab sis sib piv rau cov transposons tau piav saum toj no, daim ntawv luam yog tsim los ntawm RNA, tsis yog DNA. Cov ntawv theej RNA yog tom qab ntawd muab rov qab rau hauv DNA - siv cov ntawv thim rov qab - thiab cov no tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw tshiab hauv genome.

Tsis tas li ntawd, hom transposons yog dab tsi? Txij li thaum McClintock qhov kev tshawb pom, peb hom kev hloov pauv tau raug txheeb xyuas. Cov no suav nrog hoob II transposons, me me inverted-repeat cov ntsiab lus transposable (MITEs, lossis class III transposons), thiab retrotransposons (chav kawm I transposons).

Ib yam li ntawd, lub hom phiaj ntawm transposons yog dab tsi?

A transposable element (TE, transposon , los yog dhia gene) yog DNA ib ntus uas tuaj yeem hloov nws txoj haujlwm hauv genome, qee zaum tsim lossis thim rov qab kev hloov pauv thiab hloov pauv ntawm lub xovtooj ntawm caj ces tus kheej thiab qhov loj ntawm genome. Transposons kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov kws tshawb fawb los ua ib txoj hauv kev los hloov DNA hauv cov kab mob uas muaj sia nyob.

Retrotransposons tuaj qhov twg?

Retrotransposons yog ntev interspersed DNA ntsiab (LINE-1) uas tau muab transcribed rau hauv RNA thiab rov qab-transcribed rau hauv complementary DNA (cDNA). Lub cDNA yog tom qab ntawd rov muab tso rau hauv genome ntawm qhov chaw tshiab, qhov twg nws yuav txiav cov khoom protein ntawm cov noob [37].

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